The structure of the building can be divided into two parts. One that lies below the ground is called a sub-structure And another one above the ground that we can see is called the superstructure. Two important structures of building are sub-structure and super structure. Details below…..
Sub-structure and super structure:
Sub-structure: The lowest part of the building, which transfers the weight of the structure from direct contact with the ground to the solid layer of the ground, is the sub-structure. That is, the infrastructure of the building below the ground level is called sub-structure. It acts as the foundation of the building.
The following are the parts of the Ning sub-stracker:-
1. fundation base
2. foundation pile and pile cap (if required)
3. foundation footing or column base
4. foundation beem ( grade beme or tie beam)
5. foundation plinth and floor
Super structure: The upper part of the pristha is the super structure. That is, the structures that are constructed from the floor level of the building to the parapet on the roof for the safe and comfortable use of the users are called superstructures.
Following are the parts of super structure:-
1. plinth level (floor level) to window sill level
2. window sill level to lintel level
3. lintel
4. lintel level to roof level
5. roof/floor beam
6. roof level of finished level (parapet level)
7. stair, porch etc.